Bona Ukushiswa Kwensimbi Ephakeme Ngejubane Elikhulu Futhi Kucisha

1. Izinkinga zensimbi zokuqina kwe-induction

(1) Iphuzu elibucayi lokushisa okusheshayo liyakhuphuka

Ijubane lokushisa lokushisa lokungeniswa lisukela emashumini ama-degree ngomzuzwana liye kumakhulu ama-degree ngomzuzwana, futhi ukucima ukushaya ngamandla kufinyelela izinkulungwane zamadigri ngomzuzwana (2000 ～ 3000 ℃ / s). Ngenxa yesivinini sokushisa esisheshayo nobude besikhathi esifushane, izinga lokushisa elicimayo liphakeme kunelokucisha uketshezi olujwayelekile lokugeza usawoti. Izinga lokushisa kufanele libe phezulu ukuze kuguqulwe isakhiwo sibe yi-austenite ne-homogenize. Ithebula 1 likhombisa imininingwane efanele ukuthi iphuzu le-Ac1 lenyuka ngokusheshisa kwezinga lokushisa lapho insimbi ye-T10 nensimbi ye-GCr15 ishiswa ngokushesha.

Amandla athile wokushisa we-induction makhulu kakhulu kunawo wokushisa esithandweni somlilo, ngakho-ke isivinini sokushisa siyashesha, ukuze isikhathi esidingekayo sokuqala nokuphothula ukukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa kwe-pearlite ekuguqulweni kwe-austenite sifushane.

Isakhiwo sokuqala sensimbi sinethonya elikhulu enqubeni ye-nucleation, ukukhula kanye ne-homogenization ye-austenite ngesikhathi sokushisa okusheshayo, ngakho-ke futhi kuthinta kakhulu ukushisa kokucishwa kokungeniswa kanye nokwakheka nokusebenza kokucinywa. ILamellar pearlite kulula ukuyiqedela inqubo yokuguqulwa kwesakhiwo esincane ngesikhathi sokushisa kune-pearlite eyindilinga. Ngakho-ke, ukushisa okucisha ukufakwa kwensimbi efanayo ngezakhi ezahlukahlukene zokuqala kufanele kube: t ukucima (isimo esithunyelwe)> ukucima (isimo esijwayelekile)> ukucima (Ukushisa (ukuhlanganisa + ukushisa okuphezulu)]. Nge-pearlite, kusho uhhafu webanga phakathi kwamakhemikhali amabili aseduze; nge-ferrite yamahhala, kusho uhhafu webanga phakathi kwama-node wenethiwekhi ye-dislocation.

(2) Ukushisa okusheshayo kungenza insimbi ithole okusanhlamvu okuhle noma okusanhlamvu okuhle kakhulu

Ezingeni eliphansi lokushisa, njengoba izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, izinhlamvu zokuqala ze-austenite ezakhiwe ngemuva nje kokuncishiswa kwe-austenitization zincishiswe kakhulu, kepha lapho izinga lokushisa liphezulu, i-austenite iyaqala Izinhlamvu ze-crystal cishe azisehli ngokwanda kwezinga lokushisa. Ukuzijwayeza kufakazele ukuthi ngaphansi kwezimo zangempela zokushisa kwe-induction, isivinini sokushisa siphezulu kakhulu, futhi okusanhlamvu kokuqala okutholwe kuncane kakhulu futhi akuhlangene nejubane lokushisa. Kodwa-ke, ukukhula kwezinhlamvu ezakhiwe ze-austenite kuhlobene nezinga lokushisa. Lapho kufudunyezwa ekushiseni okuthile, okuncane lapho izinga lokushisa likhula, kukhula izinhlamvu zangempela ze-austenite, njengoba kukhonjisiwe ku-Figure 3 [2], inqobo nje uma izinga lokushisa nokushisa kufakwa kahle, ukushisa kokungeniswa ngeke kuveze ukushisa okukhulu .

2. Izimo ezahlukahlukene zokushisa okusheshayo kwensimbi enejubane elikhulu

(1) Ukushisa okusheshayo kwezinsimbi zensimbi ezisezingeni eliphakeme

Ngasekuqaleni kuka-1923 kuya ku-1924, uVologkin ezweni elaliyiSoviet Union waqala ukutadisha ukuqina okuvama kakhulu kwamathuluzi ensimbi anejubane eliphezulu, kodwa akuphumelelanga [3]. Isizathu sokwehluleka ukuthi amathuluzi wensimbi anejubane eliphezulu kumele aqiniswe ngokuphelele, noma ukuqina kokuqina okushisa okuphezulu namandla aqine kakhulu aqine kakhulu, futhi kukhona nokukhathazeka ukuthi ukuchithwa kwe-carbide ephezulu kakhulu kuzothinta okunye izakhiwo. Kepha lokhu kungumbono ongasho lutho, futhi ukuqina kwe-induction akufundwanga ngokujulile. Kwaze kwaba ngo-1952 lapho kwaba khona intuthuko. UGedeberg nabanye bagcine bephumelele ukucisha ama-W18Cr4V (P18) blade ngosayizi ka-3-10mm. Ngeshwa, ayizange ihambele ekukhiqizweni kwezimboni, kepha kwanele ukukhombisa ukuthi amathuluzi wensimbi anejubane elikhulu angaqiniswa ngokungeniswa.

(2) Ukushisa okusheshayo kwama-weldments asezinsimbi eziphezulu

Izinsimbi zokubhoboza i-taper shank ezinejubane eliphezulu, izigayo zokugcina kanye namanye amathuluzi amise okwenduku, noma ngabe iwelding flash noma i-friction welding, yizibonelo zokushisa okusheshayo, futhi izingxenye zensimbi zingashiswa ziye ngaphezu kuka-1000 ° C ngemizuzwana embalwa.

(3) Ukushisa okusheshayo kwe-forgings yensimbi ephezulu

Umbhali ukhuthaza ukuthi i-billet yensimbi esheshayo ye-φ60mm ishiswa ngqo endaweni eshisa kakhulu [4], okungukuthi, izinto ezibandayo zifakwa ngqo endaweni engu-1150 ～ 1200 without ngaphandle kokushisa. Sekuyiminyaka eminingi ikhiqizwa futhi ikhwalithi yokwakha izinzile.

(4) Ukusetshenziswa kwamafomula wokucima we-parameter yensimbi esheshayo

Kukhona ifomula yepharamitha eqandayo ekwelapheni ukushisa kwamathuluzi wensimbi ashesha kakhulu

• Lokho wukuthi, P = t (37 + lgτ) [5]
• Kufomula, i-P—— ecisha ipharamitha;
• t —— Kucima ukushisa okushisa;
• τ —— Kucima isikhathi sokushisa.

I-P kwifomula imele umphumela ohlangene wokucima izinga lokushisa lokushisa nesikhathi sokushisa. Enqubeni yokucima, noma ngabe ukushisa kokushisa okucishayo nesikhathi sokushisa kushintsha kanjani, inqobo nje uma umphumela walokhu kufana nepharamitha eqeda amandla, izinga le-austenitization kufanele lilingane. Kusho ukuthi ukushisa okuphezulu isikhathi esifushane (ukushisa okusheshayo) kanye nokushisa okuphansi isikhathi eside, inqobo nje uma i-P ifana, ikhwalithi yokuqeda ithuluzi iyafana.

(5) Ukushisa okusheshayo nokushisa okushesha ngokushesha esithandweni sethuluzi lensimbi esinejubane elikhulu

Ekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1950, ngosizo lochwepheshe bokulashwa kokushisa kweSoviet, iBeijing, iTianjin, iShanghai nezinye izindawo zakhuthaza ukufudumeza okusheshayo nokusindisa amandla ubuchwepheshe bokulashwa kokushisa, futhi zathola ulwazi oluningi oluphumelelayo. Ngeshwa, azikho izinto eziningi ezisele. Umbhali une-Shanghai Tool Factory W18Cr4V yensimbi φ14mm taper shank drill kanye ne-slot milling cutter idatha yokushisa okusheshayo [6]. Kubikwa ukuthi ukushisa okushisa ukushisa kwensimbi ye-W18Cr4V kukhuphukile kusuka ku-1270 ～ 1280 ℃ kuya ku-1300 ～ 1310 ℃, i-coefficient yokushisa ifinyeziwe kusuka ku-10 ～ 12s / mm kuya ku-5 ～ 6s / mm, nempilo yethuluzi ayincishisiwe kepha inyuka kancane.

(6) Surface ukuguqulwa high-speed steel ahlabayo amathuluzi nge high amandla kwabantu ezifana laser futhi electron ugongolo

Eminyakeni yamuva nje, kube nemibiko ngokushintshwa komhlaba kwensimbi enejubane elikhulu njenge-laser [7], okuveze ukuthi insimbi enejubane elikhulu ingashiswa ngokushesha. Indlela yezobuchwepheshe ukusebenzisa i-plasma enamandla amakhulu ebusweni bensimbi ye-M42 ngejubane elikhulu, ukuze ubuso bento bube nokushisa okusheshayo nokupholisa kwasendaweni. Ijubane lokushisa nokupholisa lingafinyelela ku-104 ～ 108K ° / s, ngakho-ke lingakhiwa ebusweni bento yokusebenza. Isendlalelo esiguquliwe sokwakhiwa kwekristalu sifeza injongo yokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwento.

(7) Ukushisa okusheshayo kwensimbi enejubane kunomlando omude

Sekuyiminyaka engaphezu kwengu-100 kwavela insimbi enejubane elikhulu, abantu abakaze bayeke ukuqamba kabusha nokuguqulwa kwenqubo yalo yokwelapha ukushisa. Kwakunabantu ezweni elaliyiSoviet Union ukuthi kwakungashiswa insimbi nganoma yisiphi isivinini. Kukhawulelwe kwizimo zangaleso sikhathi, kukhawulwe kuphela ezithandweni zokugeza kasawoti nokushisa okuvama kakhulu, futhi izingxenye ezicinyiwe zonke izinduku noma amashidi angasakwazi ukuba lula, futhi awawona wonke umuntu. Ukusetshenziswa kokushisa okusheshayo kwezikhala zensimbi zokwenza okweqile okuphumelelayo kuphumelela kakhulu. Iningi labantu likholelwa ukuthi isivinini sokushisa sezinto zensimbi ezinejubane eliphezulu ngemuva kokucindezelwa kwengcindezi nokuncishwa ngaphambi kokufaka kungaba okungenamkhawulo [8]. Lapho ubuchwepheshe obusha nezinqubo ezifana ne-lasers ne-electron beams kuvela, kunemibiko ejwayelekile emiphumeleni yokuguqulwa komhlaba yensimbi esheshayo yokushisa okusheshayo, okukhombisa ukuthi ukushisa okusheshayo kwensimbi enejubane elikhulu sekungene esigabeni esikhulu sokufaka isicelo.

3.Ukusetshenziswa kokufudumeza kokungeniswa nokucisha kuzinsimbi ezisheshayo zensimbi

Insimbi enejubane elikhulu inokubambelela okuhle futhi ingacinywa emoyeni, ngakho ibizwa ngokuthi "insimbi yomoya". Ukuqina kwayo nakho kuhle, futhi kungacinywa kube ngaphezu kwe-64HRC emoyeni, okuholele ekusikeni okubukhali kakhulu. Futhi ibizwa nge- "Fenggang". Ukuqeda ukucisha ukushisa kwensimbi okuphezulu kuyacima ukuzipholisa, okusindisa amandla nokonga imvelo, futhi kunokusebenza okuphezulu kokukhiqiza.

Akunandaba ukuthi ukucima insimbi kudinga izimo ezimbili eziyisisekelo: eyokuqala ukuthi yenziwe isebenze, eyesibili ukupholisa ngokushesha, izinga lokupholisa kufanele libe likhulu kunezinga elibucayi lokupholisa lensimbi (vPro). Isici sokushisa kwe-induction ukuthi ubuso bento yokusebenza bushubile. Uma ungqimba lwendawo lusetshenzisiwe futhi ukufudumeza kumiswa ngokushesha, futhi insimbi eseduze engafudunyezwanga ingashesha ukuqhuba ukushisa kongqimba lokushisa, nezinga lokupholisa> v, ingaphezulu lizoba lukhuni. Akunciki kuketshezi oluqeda ukucindezela ukufafaza okupholile, kepha lupholile yinsimbi ebandayo yangaphakathi. Le nqubo ekhethekile yokuqeda ingatholakala kuphela ngaphansi kokushisa okukhulu kwamandla kagesi. Ukushisa kwe-induction kungenye yezindlela zokushisa zamandla aphezulu. Ngenxa yamandla amakhulu kakhulu kanye nesikhathi esifushane ngokweqile sokushisa, kubizwa nangokuthi ukushisa kwenhliziyo.

Ukushisa kokushisa kwe-induction kungalinganiswa nge-infrared photoelectric pyrometer noma i-pyrometer ebonakalayo, noma ukuhlolwa okubukwayo (ngokuya ngombala wento yokusebenza efudumele) ukwahlulela izinga lokushisa lokushisa elicishayo.

Ukushisa okwenziwe yi-eddy yamanje ku-workpiece ngesikhathi sokushisa kwe-induction kusetshenziselwa kakhulu ungqimba lwendawo oludingekayo ekushiseni, kepha kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokushisa okukhishwe ku-workpiece phakathi nale nqubo. Esokuqala sivela endaweni yokushisa iye emoyeni, ebizwa ngokuthi yimisebe. Ukushisa; Uhlobo lwesibili lwenziwa kusuka kusendlalelo sokushisa sendawo yokusebenza kuya emgodini, obizwa ngokuthi ukushisa kokuqhuba. Lezi zinhlobo ezimbili zokulahleka kokushisa, ikakhulukazi umphumela wokuqhutshwa kokushisa kwangaphakathi, zijulisa ukujula kwemfundiso yesendlalelo sokushisa, ungasebenzisa d depth = 0.2 (mm), lapho isikhathi sokushisa. Njengoba amandla kagesi ancipha nesikhathi sokushisa sanda, ukulahleka kuyanda. Uma indawo yokusebenza ilula ngomzimba, ukuqhutshwa kokushisa kuzodlula ngokushesha kusuka ebusweni kuye engxenyeni, futhi sonke isigaba sizoshisa. Insimbi enejubane elikhulu iyinto eqinisa ngokwakho, futhi izokwenziwa lukhuni ngokushesha lapho ukufudumeza kuyeka.

Sicela ugcine umthombo nekheli lale ndatshana ukuze uphinde uprintwe: Bona Ukushiswa Kwensimbi Ephakeme Ngejubane Elikhulu Futhi Kucisha

UMinghe Inkampani yeDie Casting anikezelwe ekukhiqizeni nasekuhlinzekeni ikhwalithi nokusebenza okuphezulu Izingxenye Zokulingisa (izingxenye zensimbi zensimbi zokufa zisebenza ikakhulukazi zibandakanya I-Thin-Wall Die Casting,I-Hot Chamber Die Casting,Cold Chamber die Casting), Insizakalo Eyindilinga (Insiza Yokulingisa,ICnc Machining,Ukwenza Okubandayo, Surface Treatment) .Noma ikuphi ukusakazwa kwe-Aluminium die, i-magnesium noma i-Zamak / zinc die casting nezinye izidingo zokuphosa zamukelekile ukuxhumana nathi.

Ngaphansi kokulawulwa kwe-ISO9001 ne-TS 16949, Zonke izinqubo zenziwa ngamakhulu emishini esezingeni eliphakeme yokufa, imishini ye-5-axis, nezinye izikhungo, ezisukela kuma-blasters kuya kumishini yokuwasha ye-Ultra Sonic.Minghe akagcinanga ngemishini esezingeni eliphezulu kepha futhi unobuchwepheshe iqembu lonjiniyela abanolwazi, ama-opharetha nabahloli ukwenza ukwakheka kwekhasimende kugcwaliseke.

Umenzi wenkontileka yokufa kwabasikiwe. Amandla afaka izingxenye ezibandayo ze-aluminium die casting ezivela ku-0.15 lbs. kuye ku-6 lbs., Ukusetha ushintsho olusheshayo, nemishini. Izinsizakalo ezingezwe ngenani zifaka phakathi ukupholisha, ukudlidliza, ukuphazamisa, ukuqhumisa ngokudubula, ukupenda, ukuhlobisa, ukumboza, ukuhlangana nokusetshenziswa kwamathuluzi. Izinto zokusebenza ezisetshenzisiwe zifaka ama-alloys afana no-360, 380, 383, no-413.

I-Zinc die casting design usizo / izinsizakalo zobunjiniyela ezihambisanayo. Umenzi wangokwezifiso we-precision zinc die castings. Ukusakazwa okuncane, ukukhishwa kwengcindezi ephezulu, ukusikeka kwesikhunta esiningi, ukujikijelwa kwesikhunta okuvamile, ukufefa kwamayunithi kanye nokuzimela okuzimele kanye nokuvalwa okuvaliwe komgodi kungenziwa. Ama-Castings angenziwa ngobude nobubanzi obufinyelela ku-24 in. Ku +/- 0.0005 in. Ukubekezelelana.  

I-ISO 9001: Umkhiqizi oqinisekisiwe ka-2015 we-die cast magnesium, Amandla afaka i-high-pressure magnesium die casting up to 200 ton chamber hot & 3000 ton cold chamber, designing designing, polishing, molding, machining, powder & liquid paint, QA full with CMM amakhono , inhlangano, ukupakisha nokulethwa.

Kuqinisekiswe i-ITAF16949. Insiza Eyengeziwe Yokulingisa Faka ukukhipha utshalomali,ukuphonsa kwesihlabathi,Ukuphonswa kwamandla, Lost Foam Ekubunjweni,I-Centrifugal Casting,Ukuphoswa Kokuqothula,Permanent Isikhunta Ukulingisa, Amakhono afaka i-EDI, usizo lobunjiniyela, ukumodeliswa okuqinile nokucutshungulwa kwesibili.

Izimboni Zokulingisa Izingxenye Zamacala Ezifundo Zezimoto: Izimoto, Amabhayisikili, Izindiza, Izinsimbi Zomculo, I-Watercraft, Amadivayisi we-Optical, Izinzwa, Amamodeli, Amadivayisi we-elekthronikhi, Ukuvaleka, Amawashi, Imishini, Izinjini, Ifenisha, Ubucwebe, AmaJig, Telecom, Ukukhanyisa, Amadivayisi Wezokwelapha, amadivayisi wezithombe, Amarobhothi, okubaziwe, okokusebenza komsindo, okwezemidlalo, i-Tooling, Amathoyizi nokuningi. 

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By Umkhiqizi weMinghe Die Casting | Izigaba: Izindatshana Eziwusizo |Material Omaka: I-Aluminium Casting, Zinc Ukulingisa, Ukulingiswa kweMagnesium, I-Titanium Casting, Insimbi Engagqwali, Brass Ekubunjweni,Ukulingiswa kweBronze,Isakaza ividiyo,Umlando wenkampani,I-Aluminium Die Casting | Amazwana Off