Ukuhlaziywa Kokuhlukaniswa Kwezinhlobo ezingama-24 Ezivame Ukusetshenziswa Kwensimbi

1. Insimbi yeCarbon

I-Carbon steel, ebizwa nangokuthi i-carbon steel, i-iron-carbon alloy enokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni kwe-lessc engaphansi kuka-2%. Insimbi yeCarbon ngokuvamile iqukethe inani elincane le-silicon, i-manganese, isulfure ne-phosphorus ngaphezu kwekhabhoni.

Insimbi yeCarbon ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezintathu: insimbi eyakhiwe ngesikhutha, insimbi yensimbi yekhabhoni nensimbi yokwakha yamahhala ngokuya ngenhloso yayo. Insimbi yesakhiwo seCarbon ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili: ukwakha insimbi yokwakha nensimbi eyakhiwe ngomshini. Ngokuya ngokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni, insimbi yekhabhoni ingahlukaniswa ibe yinsimbi ephansi yekhabhoni (ωc≤0.25%), insimbi ekhabhoni emaphakathi (ωc = 0.25% -0.6%) nensimbi ephezulu yekhabhoni (ωc> 0.6%)

Ngokwenani le-phosphorus nesibabule, insimbi yekhabhoni ingahlukaniswa ibe yinsimbi ejwayelekile yekhabhoni (iphosphorus ephakeme nesibabule), insimbi yekhabhoni ephezulu (i-phosphorus ephansi nesibabule) nensimbi esezingeni eliphakeme (i-phosphorus ephansi nesibabule) Ngokuvamile, ukuphakama kokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni yensimbi yensimbi, kuphakama ubulukhuni futhi namandla aphakeme, kepha iphansi leplastiki.

2. Insimbi yesakhiwo seCarbon

Lolu hlobo lwensimbi luqinisekisa ikakhulukazi izakhiwo zemishini. Ngakho-ke, izinga lalo likhombisa izakhiwo zalo zomshini. Inombolo ye-Q + isetshenziselwa ukukhombisa i-pinyin yokuqala yase-Chinese yegama elithi "qu" lapho u- "Q" eyiphuzu lesivuno. Inombolo ikhombisa inani lephoyinti lesivuno. Isibonelo, i-Q275 ikhombisa ukuthi iphuzu lesivuno lingu-275Mpa. Uma izinhlamvu u-A, B, C no-D zimakwe ngemuva kwebanga, kusho ukuthi ikhwalithi yensimbi yehlukile. Inani le-S ne-P lincipha ngokulandelana, futhi ikhwalithi yensimbi iyakhuphuka ngokulandelana. Uma uhlamvu oluthi "F" lumakwe ekugcineni kwebanga, luyinsimbi enamarimu, ebhalwe ukuthi "b" luyinsimbi ebulewe kancane, bese kuthi labo abangena- "F" noma "b" babulawe. Isibonelo, i-Q235-AF isho ukuthi i-Class A ebilayo yensimbi enephuzu lesivuno elingu-235MPa, kanti i-Q235-C isho ukuthi i-Class C ibulale insimbi enendawo yokuvuna engu-235MPa.

Insimbi eyakhiwe ngeCarbon imvamisa ayiphathwa ngokwelashwa kokushisa, kepha isetshenziswa ngqo esifundeni sokuphakelwa. Imvamisa insimbi ye-Q195, Q215, Q235 inezingxenyana eziphansi zekhabhoni, ukusebenza kahle kwe-welding, i-plasticity enhle, ukuqina, namandla athile. Kuvame ukugoqelwa emapuletini amancane, imigoqo yensimbi, amapayipi wensimbi ashiselwe, njll. Kusetshenziswa emabhulohweni, ezakhiweni nakwezinye izakhiwo nokwakha ama-rivet ajwayelekile, izikulufo, amantongomane nezinye izingxenye. Izinsimbi ze-Q255 ne-Q275 zinezingxenyana ze-carbon mass ephakeme, amandla aphezulu, i-plasticity engcono nobulukhuni, futhi ingashiselwa. Imvamisa zifakwa kusigaba sensimbi, ibha yensimbi nensimbi yensimbi njengezingxenye zokwakha futhi zenze izinduku zokuxhuma ezilula, amagiya, nokuhlangana. Izingxenye ezifana namafindo nezikhonkwane.

3. Insimbi esezingeni eliphakeme yokwakha

Lolu hlobo lwensimbi kumele luqinisekise ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali nezakhiwo zemishini. Ibanga yingxenyana eyizinkulungwane eziyishumi (ωс * 10000) esebenzisa amadijithi amabili ukukhombisa ingxenyenamba yesisindo sekhabhoni emaphakathi ensimbi. Isibonelo, insimbi engama-45 isho ukuthi isilinganiso sengxenyana yekhabhoni yensimbi singu-0.45%; Insimbi engu-08 isho ukuthi ingxenyenamba yesilinganiso sesikhutha sensimbi ingu-0.08%.

Ikhwalithi ephezulu yekhabhoni yensimbi isetshenziswa kakhulu ekwenzeni izingxenye zomshini. Ngokuvamile, ukwelashwa kokushisa kuyadingeka ukuthuthukisa izakhiwo zemishini. Ngokuya ngengxenyenamba ehlukene yekhabhoni, kunezinto ezahlukahlukene ezisetshenziswayo. I-08, 08F, 10, i-10F yensimbi, i-plasticity ephezulu, ukuqina, ukusebenza okubandayo okubandayo nokusebenza kwe-welding, okuvame ukubanda okugoqwe kwamapuleti amancane, okusetshenziselwa ukwenza izingxenye zokunyathela ezibandayo ezindlini zensimbi, ezimotweni nogandaganda, njengemizimba yemoto, ogandaganda Cab , njll .; Insimbi engu-15, 20, 25 isetshenziselwa ukwenza izingxenye ezi-carburized ezinosayizi omncane, umthwalo olula, indawo engagqoki, nezidingo zamandla aphansi, njengezikhonkwane ze-piston, ama-prototypes, njll .; Insimbi engu-30, 35, 40, 45, 50 inezakhiwo ezinhle eziphelele ngemuva kokwelashwa kokushisa (ukucima + ukushisa okuphezulu), okungukuthi, inamandla aphezulu futhi iphakeme kakhulu futhi iqine. Isetshenziselwa ukwenza izingxenye ze-shaft. Isibonelo, insimbi engama-40 nengu-45 ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza. Ama-crankshafts, izinduku zokuxhuma zezimoto nogandaganda, okokuphotha amathuluzi wemishini ejwayelekile, amagiya wethuluzi lomshini nezinye izingxenye ze-shaft ezingacindezelekile; Izinsimbi ezingama-55, 60, nezingama-65 zinemikhawulo ephezulu yokunwebeka ngemuva kokwelashwa kokushisa (ukucima ukushisa okuphakathi), futhi zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza Iziphethu ezinomthwalo ophansi nosayizi omncane (usayizi wesigaba ongaphansi kuka-12 ~ 15mm), njengengcindezi nesivinini ukulawula iziphethu, iziphethu ze-plunger, iziphethu ezibandayo zekhoyili, njll.

4. Insimbi yethuluzi leCarbon

Insimbi yethuluzi leCarbon iyinsimbi enekhabhoni ephezulu ngokuyisisekelo engenazo izakhi zokuxuba. Okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni kububanzi obungu-0.65% -1.35%. Izindleko zayo zokukhiqiza ziphansi, umthombo wezinto zokusetshenziswa utholakala kalula, futhi ukusebenza ngemishini kuhle. Ngemuva kokwelashwa kokushisa, ubulukhuni obuphakeme futhi Inokuqina kokugqoka okuphezulu, ngakho-ke iyinsimbi esetshenziswa kabanzi ukwenza amathuluzi ahlukahlukene wokusika, isikhunta namathuluzi wokulinganisa. Kodwa-ke, ubulukhuni obomvu balolu hlobo lwensimbi abubi, okungukuthi, lapho izinga lokushisa elisebenza likhulu kuno-250 ℃, ubulukhuni nokugqoka ukumelana nensimbi kuzokwehla kakhulu futhi kulahlekelwe amandla okusebenza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ithuluzi lensimbi lekhabhoni, uma lenziwe izingxenye ezinkulu, akulula ukulenza lukhuni, futhi lithambekele ekuguqukeni nasekuqhekekeni.

5. Insimbi yokwakha yamahhala

Insimbi yokwakha yasimahla ukwengezwa kwezinto ezithile ezenza insimbi ibe brittle, okwenza insimbi ibe brittle futhi iphuke ibe ngama-chips ngesikhathi sokusika, okunenzuzo yokwengeza ijubane lokusika nokunweba impilo yethuluzi. Isici esenza insimbi ibe brittle ikakhulukazi isibabule. Umthofu, i-tellurium, i-bismuth nezinye izinto zisetshenziselwa insimbi yesakhiwo esezingeni eliphansi yokusika ingxubevange.

Okuqukethwe kwesibabule kwale nsimbi kusezingeni elingu-0.08% -0.30%, futhi okuqukethwe kwe-manganese kububanzi obungu-0.60% -1.55%. I-Sulphur nama manganese ensimbi akhona ngesimo se manganese sulfide. I-Manganese sulfide i-brittle kakhulu futhi inomphumela wokuthambisa, okwenza ama-chip kube lula ukuwaphula futhi kusize ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yendawo elungisiwe.

6. Ingxubevange yensimbi

Ngaphezu kwensimbi, ikhabhoni nenani elincane elingenakugwenywa lesilicon, i-manganese, i-phosphorus, ne-sulphur element, i-steel nayo iqukethe inani elithile lama-alloying element. Izinto ezihlanganisa insimbi zifaka i-silicon, i-manganese, i-molybdenum, i-nickel, i-chromium, i-vanadium, ne-titanium. , Niobium, boron, lead, earth rare, njll futhi eyodwa noma ngaphezulu yazo, lolu hlobo lwensimbi lubizwa nge-alloy steel. Izinhlelo zensimbi yamazwe ahlukahlukene ziyahlukahluka ngezimo zazo zezinsizakusebenza, izimo zokukhiqiza nezokusetshenziswa. Amazwe angaphandle athuthukise ama-nickel ne-chromium steel systems esikhathini esedlule, ngenkathi izwe lami lisungule ama-alloys asuselwa ku-silicon, manganese, vanadium, titanium, niobium, boron, kanye nemhlaba ongavamile. Uhlelo lwensimbi.

Ingxubevange yensimbi ibalelwa ngaphezu kwamaphesenti ayishumi omkhiqizo ophelele wensimbi. Ngokuvamile, insimbi eyinsimbi encibilikiswa ezithandweni zikagesi ingahlukaniswa ngezigaba eziyi-8 ngokusetshenziswa kwayo. Yilezi: ingxubevange yensimbi eyakhiwe, insimbi yasentwasahlobo, insimbi ethwele, ingxubevange yamathuluzi wensimbi, ithuluzi lensimbi enejubane eliphezulu, insimbi engagqwali, insimbi engashisi ukushisa engenasikhumba, insimbi yesilicon yobunjiniyela kagesi.

7. Insimbi ejwayelekile yengxubevange ephansi

Insimbi ejwayelekile ephansi yengxubevange iyinsimbi ejwayelekile yengxubevange equkethe inani elincane lezinto zokuxuba (ezimweni eziningi, inani eliphelele alidluli ku-3%). Lolu hlobo lwensimbi lunamandla aphakeme kakhulu, lusebenza kahle kakhulu, futhi lunokumelana nokugqwala, ukumelana nokugqoka, ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphansi, ukusebenza okuhle kokusika, ukusebenza kwe-welding, njll. , chromium), imvamisa i-1t iron engxubevange ejwayelekile ingasetshenziswa ngaphezulu kwensimbi engu-1.2-1.3t carbon steel, futhi impilo yayo yesevisi nobubanzi bokusetshenziswa kwayo kudlula kakhulu okwensimbi yekhabhoni. Insimbi ejwayelekile ene-alloy engaphansi ingancibilikiswa eziko elivulekile nakuguquli kusetshenziswa izindlela zokuncibilikisa ezijwayelekile, futhi izindleko ziyafana nezensimbi yekhabhoni.

8. Ingxubevange yensimbi yesakhiwo sobunjiniyela

Lokhu kubhekisa kungxubevange yensimbi esetshenziswe ezakhiweni zobunjiniyela nezokwakha, kufaka phakathi i-weldable high-amandla alloy steel structure, ingxubevange yensimbi, ingxubevange yensimbi yezitimela, ingxubevange yensimbi ye-geological ne-petroleum drilling, ingxubevange yensimbi yemikhumbi yengcindezi, i-high-manganese steel wear-resistant , njll. Lolu hlobo lwensimbi lusetshenziselwa ubunjiniyela nokwakha izingxenye zokwakha. Phakathi kwama-alloy steels, okuqukethwe okuphelele kwalolu hlobo lwensimbi yensimbi kuncane kakhulu, kepha kukhiqizwa futhi kusetshenziswe inani elikhulu.

9. Ingxubevange yensimbi yokwakhiwa kwemishini

Lolu hlobo lwensimbi lusho ingxubevange yensimbi efanelekile kwimishini yokukhiqiza nezingxenye zemishini. Kususelwa kukhwalithi ephezulu yekhabhoni yensimbi, ifaka ngokufanele into eyodwa noma eziningana zokupholisa amandla, ukuqina nokuqina kwensimbi. Lolu hlobo lwensimbi luvame ukusetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kokushisa (njengokucima nokwelashwa okushisa, ukwelashwa okuqinisa ubuso). Ngokuyinhloko kufaka phakathi izigaba ezimbili zensimbi yesakhiwo esetshenziswa kakhulu ne-alloy spring steel, kufaka phakathi i-alloy yensimbi ecinyiwe neyomusa, insimbi eyenziwe lukhuni yensimbi (i-carburized steel, i-nitride steel, i-surface induction insimbi enzima, njll.), Kanye nepulasitiki ebandayo eyenza i-Use alloy steel (Insimbi yekhanda elibandayo, ukwakha insimbi ebandayo, njll.). Ngokuya ngochungechunge oluyisisekelo lokwakheka kwamakhemikhali, lingahlukaniswa nge-Mn chungechunge lensimbi, i-SiMn uchungechunge lwensimbi, i-Cr series yensimbi, i-CrMo chungechunge lensimbi, i-CrNiMo chungechunge lwensimbi, i-Ni chungechunge lwensimbi, i-B yochungechunge lwensimbi, njll.

10. Ingxubevange yesakhiwo sensimbi

Okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni yensimbi yesakhiwo engaphansi kunaleyo yensimbi eyakhiwe ngesikhutha, ngokuvamile ebangeni elingu-0.15% -0.50%. Ngaphezu kwekhabhoni, iqukethe into eyodwa noma eziningana zokuhlanganisa, njenge-silicon, i-manganese, i-vanadium, i-titanium, i-boron, i-nickel, i-chromium, ne-molybdenum. Ingxubevange yensimbi yesakhiwo kulula ukuyenza lukhuni futhi akulula ukuyikhubaza noma ukuqhekeza, okukulungele ukwelashwa kokushisa ukwenza ngcono ukusebenza kwensimbi.

Ingxubevange yensimbi yesakhiwo isetshenziswa kakhulu ekwakheni izingxenye ezahlukahlukene zokuhambisa kanye nezihlanganisi zezimoto, ogandaganda, imikhumbi, ophephela, namathuluzi omshini osindayo. I-low-carbon alloy steel ngokuvamile i-carburized, futhi insimbi ephakathi ne-carbon alloy steel ngokuvamile iyacinywa futhi ithukuthele.

11. Ingxubevange yethuluzi lensimbi

Ingxubevange yensimbi yensimbi yensimbi ephakathi nendawo futhi ephezulu equkethe izinto ezahlukahlukene zokuxuba, njenge-silicon, i-chromium, i-tungsten, i-molybdenum, ne-vanadium. Ingxubevange ithuluzi lensimbi kulula ukuyenza lukhuni, futhi akulula ukukhubazeka nokuqhekeka. Kufanelekile ukukhiqiza amathuluzi okusika amakhulu, amise okwexakaxaka, amathuluzi okulinganisa. Ngezinhloso ezahlukahlukene, okuqukethwe yikhabhoni yensimbi yensimbi ye-alloy nakho kwehlukile. Okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni ofc yamathuluzi amaningi we-alloy kungu-0.5% -1.5%, futhi okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni kwezinsimbi ezishisayo ezishisayo kuphansi, i-isc ikububanzi obungu-0.3% -0.6%; insimbi yamathuluzi okusika ngokuvamile iqukethe i-carbon ωc1%; ukusebenza okubandayo I-die steel inokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni okuphezulu, okufana ne-graphite die steel enokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni kwe-upc kufika ku-1.5%, kanye ne-high-carbon ne-high-chromium yohlobo lwensimbi esebenza ngamakhaza equkethe i-carbon engaphezulu kuka-2%.

12. Ithuluzi lensimbi elinejubane eliphezulu

Ithuluzi lensimbi elinejubane eliphezulu liyinsimbi yensimbi enekhabhoni ephezulu futhi ene-alloy ephezulu. Okuqukethwe yikhabhoni kwensimbi kungu-0.7% -1.4%. Insimbi iqukethe izinto ezihlanganisa izinto ezingakha ama-carbides aphezulu, njenge-tungsten, i-molybdenum, i-chromium ne-vanadium.

Ijubane lensimbi yensimbi ine-hardness ephezulu ebomvu. Ngaphansi kwezimo zokusika ngesivinini esikhulu, izinga lokushisa liphakeme njenge-500-600 ℃ futhi ubulukhuni abunciphi, ngaleyo ndlela kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuhle kokusika.

13.Intwasahlobo Yensimbi

Intwasahlobo isetshenziswa ngaphansi komthelela, ukudlidlizela noma ukucindezela kokushintshana kwesikhathi eside, ngakho-ke insimbi yasentwasahlobo iyadingeka ukuze ibe namandla aqine kakhulu, umkhawulo wokunwebeka, namandla amakhulu okukhathala. Le nqubo idinga insimbi yasentwasahlobo ukuthi ibe nobunzima obuthile, kungabi lula ukwehlukanisa, nekhwalithi enhle yendawo, njll.

Insimbi yasentwasahlobo yeCarbon isho insimbi yekhwalithi ephezulu yekhabhoni enokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni ωc ebangeni le-0.6% -0.9% (kufaka phakathi okuqukethwe okujwayelekile nokuphakeme kwama-manganese). Ingxubevange yasentwasahlobo yensimbi ikakhulukazi insimbi ye-silico-manganese, okuqukethwe kwayo kwekhabhoni kuncane, ikakhulukazi ngokwandisa okuqukethwe kwe-silicon (si (1.3% -2.8%) ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza; Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinsimbi zentwasahlobo ze-chromium, i-tungsten ne-vanadium. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukuhlanganiswa kwezinsizakusebenza zezwe lethu, futhi ngokuya ngezidingo zobuchwepheshe obusha ekwakhiweni kwezimoto nogandaganda, izinhlobo ezintsha zensimbi ezinezakhi ezifana ne-boron, niobium, molybdenum, njll. insimbi ye-silico-manganese, eyandisa impilo yenkonzo yasentwasahlobo futhi ithuthukise ikhwalithi yensimbi yasentwasahlobo.

14. Ukufaka insimbi

Ukuthwala insimbi kuyinsimbi esetshenziselwa ukwenza amabhola, amasondo kanye namasongo wokuthwala. Amabhere abhekene nengcindezi enkulu nokungqubuzana ngesikhathi somsebenzi, ngakho-ke insimbi ethwalayo iyadingeka ukuba ibe nobulukhuni obuphakeme nobufanayo nokugqoka ukumelana, kanye nomkhawulo wokunwebeka ophakeme. Ukufana kokuhlanganiswa kwamakhemikhali kwensimbi ethwele nokufakwa okungekhona okwensimbi Okuqukethwe nokusatshalaliswa, ukusatshalaliswa kwe-carbide nezinye izidingo kuqinile kakhulu.

Ukuthwala insimbi kubizwa nangokuthi i-high-carbon chromium steel, enokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni okungaba ngu-1% nokuqukethwe okuholayo kwe-ofcr ka-0.5% -1.65%. Ukuthwala insimbi kuhlukaniswe ngezigaba eziyisithupha: i-carbon high chromium ethwele insimbi, i-chromium-free bearing steel, i-carburizing bearing steel, insimbi ethwala insimbi, insimbi emaphakathi kanye nephezulu yokushisa ethwala insimbi kanye ne-antimagnetic bearing steel.

15. Insimbi kagesi ye-silicon

Insimbi yesilicon esetshenziswa embonini kagesi isetshenziselwa kakhulu ukwenza amashidi wensimbi ensimbi embonini kagesi. Ishidi lensimbi le-Silicon liyinsimbi enkulu esetshenziswa ekwenzeni ama-motors nama-transformers.

Ngokuya ngokwakhiwa kwamakhemikhali, i-silicon steel ingahlukaniswa ibe yinsimbi ephansi ye-silicon nensimbi ephezulu ye-silicon. Insimbi yesilicon ephansi iqukethe okuqukethwe kwe-silicon ωsi = 1.0% -2.5%, okusetshenziselwa kakhulu ukwenza izinjini; insimbi ephezulu ye-silicon iqukethe okuqukethwe kwe-silicon ωsi = 3.0% -4.5%, ejwayele ukusetshenziselwa ukwenza ama-transformer. Okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni ωc = 0.06% -0.08%.

16. Insimbi yensimbi

Ojantshi ikakhulu babhekene nengcindezi nomthelela wokuthwala kwesitoko esigingqikayo, ngakho-ke. Kudingeka amandla nobulukhuni obanele nobulukhuni obuthile. Ujantshi wensimbi ovame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu yinsimbi ebulewe yikhabhoni encibilikiswa eziko elivulekile nakwisiguquli. Le nsimbi iqukethe i-carbon ωc = 0.6% -0.8%, okungeyensimbi yaphakathi kwekhabhoni nensimbi ephezulu yekhabhoni, kepha okuqukethwe manganese okuyinsimbi kuphakeme kakhulu, ku-0.6%. -1.1% ububanzi. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, kusetshenziswe kakhulu ujantshi wensimbi ongaphakeme one-alloy, onjengo-silicon ephezulu, ojantshi abanama-manganese aphakathi, ojantshi abaqukethe ithusi, kanye nojantshi oqukethe i-titanium. Ojili bensimbi abajwayelekile abasebenza ngensimbi engagqwali kakhulu abakwazi ukumelana nokugqwala nokugqwala kunezinsimbi zensimbi, futhi impilo yabo yesevisi ithuthuke kakhulu.

17. Insimbi yokwakha umkhumbi

Insimbi yokwakha imikhumbi ibhekisa ensimbi esetshenziselwa ukwenza imikhumbi ehamba olwandle kanye nezakhiwo ezinkulu zomfula ongaphakathi nezwe. Ngoba isakhiwo somkhumbi ngokuvamile senziwa ngokushisela, insimbi yokwakha umkhumbi iyadingeka ukuze isebenze kangcono ngokushisela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kudingeka amandla athile, ubunzima kanye nokushisa okuthile okuphansi nokumelana nokugqwala. Esikhathini esedlule, insimbi engaphansi kwekhabhoni yayisetshenziswa kakhulu njengensimbi yokwakha imikhumbi. Muva nje, insimbi ejwayelekile ene-alloy esetshenzisiwe isetshenziswe kabanzi, futhi amabanga wensimbi akhona njengomkhumbi we-12 manganese, umkhumbi we-manganese we-16, umkhumbi we-manganese vanadium we-15 namanye amabanga wensimbi. Lawa mabanga wensimbi anezici eziphelele njengokuqina okuphezulu, ukuqina okuhle, ukucubungula okulula nokushisela, kanye nokumelana nokugqwala kwamanzi olwandle, futhi kungasetshenziswa ngempumelelo ekwakheni imikhumbi yolwandle ehamba ngamathani ayi-10,000.

18. Insimbi yebhuloho

Ujantshi noma amabhuloho onguthelawayeka athwala umthwalo wezimoto. Insimbi yebhuloho idinga amandla athile, ubunzima kanye nokumelana nokukhathala okuhle, futhi idinga ikhwalithi ephezulu yensimbi. Isithando somlilo esivulekile esine-alikhali kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ibhuloho lensimbi. Muva nje, kusetshenziswe ngempumelelo insimbi ejwayelekile ephansi efana ne-16 manganese ne-15 manganese vanadium nitrogen.

19. Insimbi yokubilisa

I-boiler steel ikakhulukazi ibhekisa ezintweni ezisetshenziselwa ukwenza ama-superheater, amashubhu amakhulu we-steam nezindawo zokushisa zamakamelo okushisa umlilo. Izidingo zokusebenza kwebhayela lensimbi ikakhulu ukusebenza kahle kwe-welding, amandla athile wokushisa aphakeme, ukumelana ne-alkali ukugqwala, ukumelana ne-oxidation, njll. Izinsimbi zebhayela ezisetshenziswa ngokujwayelekile zifaka insimbi evulekile enekhaboni ephansi ebulawe noma isithando somlilo esincibilikise i-carbon carbon, ngokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni kwe-inc ebangeni le-0.16% -0.26%. Lapho kukhiqizwa ama-boilers anomfutho ophakeme, kusetshenziswa insimbi engavumelani nokushisa noma insimbi emelana nokushisa kwe-austenitic. Eminyakeni yakamuva, izinsimbi ezijwayelekile ezinama-alloy low zisetshenziselwe ukwakha ama-boilers, njenge-12 manganese, 15 manganese vanadium, 18 manganese molybdenum niobium njalonjalo.

20. Insimbi yenduku yokushisela

Lolu hlobo lwensimbi lusetshenziselwa ngokukhethekile ukwenziwa kwezinsimbi ze-arc nezintambo zegesi zokushisela igesi. Ukwakheka kwensimbi kuyahluka ngento eshiselwe. Ngokuya ngezidingo, ingahlukaniswa cishe ngezigaba ezintathu: i-carbon steel, i-alloy steel structural steel kanye ne-stainless steel. Okuqukethwe kwesibabule ne-phosphorus kulawa ma-steels ωs no-ωp awekho ngaphezu kuka-0.03%, okungaphezulu kunezidingo zensimbi jikelele. Lezi zinsimbi azidingi izakhiwo zemishini, kepha hlola kuphela ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali.

Insimbi engenasici

Insimbi engamelana ne-asidi ibizwa ngokuthi insimbi engagqwali, eyakhiwa izingxenye ezimbili: insimbi engagqwali nensimbi engamelana ne-asidi. Ngamafuphi, insimbi engamelana nokugqwala komkhathi ibizwa ngensimbi engagqwali, nensimbi engamelana nokugqwala ngemidiya yamakhemikhali (njengama-asidi) ibizwa ngensimbi engazweli ku-asidi. Ngokuvamile, insimbi enokuqukethwe kwe-chromium greatercr enkulu kune-12% inezici zensimbi engagqwali; ngokuya nge-microstructure ngemuva kokwelashwa kokushisa, insimbi engagqwali ingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezinhlanu: insimbi engagqwali ye-ferritic, insimbi ye-martensitic engagqwali, ne-austenite Insimbi engenasici, insimbi engagqwali ye-austenitic-ferritic kanye nemvula eyenza insimbi engagqwali.

Insimbi emelana nokushisa

Ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa okuphezulu, insimbi enokumelana ne-oxidation, amandla okwanele okushisa aphezulu kanye nokumelana okuhle nokushisa kubizwa ngensimbi emelana nokushisa. Insimbi emelana nokushisa ifaka izinhlobo ezimbili: insimbi emelana ne-oxidation nensimbi yamandla okushisa. Insimbi ye-anti-oxidation ibizwa nangokuthi insimbi engafakwanga isikhumba. Insimbi enamandla ashisayo isho insimbi enokumelana okuhle namachibi emazingeni okushisa aphezulu namandla aphezulu okushisa okushisa aphezulu. Insimbi engamelana nokushisa isetshenziselwa kakhulu izingxenye ezisetshenziswa isikhathi eside emazingeni okushisa aphezulu.

23.High lokushisa ingxubevange

I-Superalloy ibhekisa ohlotsheni lwamandla okushisa anamandla anele okuhlala njalo, amandla okukhasa, amandla okukhathala okushisayo, ukuqina okuphezulu kwezinga lokushisa nokuqina okwanele kwamakhemikhali emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, futhi kusetshenziselwa izingxenye ze-thermodynamic ezisebenza emazingeni aphezulu okushisa cishe ngo-1000 ° C.

Ngokuya ngomehluko wokwakhiwa kwamakhemikhali ayisisekelo, ingahlukaniswa nge-superalloy esekwe nge-nickel, i-superalloy esekwe nge-iron-nickel ne-superalloy esekwe kwi-cobalt.

24.Precision ingxubevange

Ama-alloys e-Precision abhekisa kuma-alloys anezakhiwo ezikhethekile zomzimba. Kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu embonini kagesi, embonini ye-elekthronikhi, umkhakha wensimbi ngokunemba nohlelo lokulawula oluzenzakalelayo.

Ama-alloys e-Precision ahlukaniswe ngezigaba eziyi-7 ngokuya ngezakhiwo zawo ezihlukile, okungukuthi: ama-alloys athambile kazibuthe, ama-alloys kazibuthe akhubazekile, ama-alloys okunwebeka, ama-alloys wokunweba, ama-bimetal ashisayo, ama-alloys wokumelana nama-alloys we-thermoelectric. Ama-alloys amaningi ngokunemba asuselwa kuzinsimbi zensimbi, futhi ambalwa kuphela asuselwa kuzinsimbi ezingezona ezensimbi.

Sicela ugcine umthombo nekheli lale ndatshana ukuze uphinde uprintwe: Ukuhlaziywa Kokuhlukaniswa Kwezinhlobo ezingama-24 Ezivame Ukusetshenziswa Kwensimbi

UMinghe Inkampani yeDie Casting anikezelwe ekukhiqizeni nasekuhlinzekeni ikhwalithi nokusebenza okuphezulu Izingxenye Zokulingisa (izingxenye zensimbi zensimbi zokufa zisebenza ikakhulukazi zibandakanya I-Thin-Wall Die Casting,I-Hot Chamber Die Casting,Cold Chamber die Casting), Insizakalo Eyindilinga (Insiza Yokulingisa,ICnc Machining,Ukwenza Okubandayo, Surface Treatment) .Noma ikuphi ukusakazwa kwe-Aluminium die, i-magnesium noma i-Zamak / zinc die casting nezinye izidingo zokuphosa zamukelekile ukuxhumana nathi.

Ngaphansi kokulawulwa kwe-ISO9001 ne-TS 16949, Zonke izinqubo zenziwa ngamakhulu emishini esezingeni eliphakeme yokufa, imishini ye-5-axis, nezinye izikhungo, ezisukela kuma-blasters kuya kumishini yokuwasha ye-Ultra Sonic.Minghe akagcinanga ngemishini esezingeni eliphezulu kepha futhi unobuchwepheshe iqembu lonjiniyela abanolwazi, ama-opharetha nabahloli ukwenza ukwakheka kwekhasimende kugcwaliseke.

Umenzi wenkontileka yokufa kwabasikiwe. Amandla afaka izingxenye ezibandayo ze-aluminium die casting ezivela ku-0.15 lbs. kuye ku-6 lbs., Ukusetha ushintsho olusheshayo, nemishini. Izinsizakalo ezingezwe ngenani zifaka phakathi ukupholisha, ukudlidliza, ukuphazamisa, ukuqhumisa ngokudubula, ukupenda, ukuhlobisa, ukumboza, ukuhlangana nokusetshenziswa kwamathuluzi. Izinto zokusebenza ezisetshenzisiwe zifaka ama-alloys afana no-360, 380, 383, no-413.

I-Zinc die casting design usizo / izinsizakalo zobunjiniyela ezihambisanayo. Umenzi wangokwezifiso we-precision zinc die castings. Ukusakazwa okuncane, ukukhishwa kwengcindezi ephezulu, ukusikeka kwesikhunta esiningi, ukujikijelwa kwesikhunta okuvamile, ukufefa kwamayunithi kanye nokuzimela okuzimele kanye nokuvalwa okuvaliwe komgodi kungenziwa. Ama-Castings angenziwa ngobude nobubanzi obufinyelela ku-24 in. Ku +/- 0.0005 in. Ukubekezelelana.  

I-ISO 9001: Umkhiqizi oqinisekisiwe ka-2015 we-die cast magnesium, Amandla afaka i-high-pressure magnesium die casting up to 200 ton chamber hot & 3000 ton cold chamber, designing designing, polishing, molding, machining, powder & liquid paint, QA full with CMM amakhono , inhlangano, ukupakisha nokulethwa.

Kuqinisekiswe i-ITAF16949. Insiza Eyengeziwe Yokulingisa Faka ukukhipha utshalomali,ukuphonsa kwesihlabathi,Ukuphonswa kwamandla, Lost Foam Ekubunjweni,I-Centrifugal Casting,Ukuphoswa Kokuqothula,Permanent Isikhunta Ukulingisa, Amakhono afaka i-EDI, usizo lobunjiniyela, ukumodeliswa okuqinile nokucutshungulwa kwesibili.

Izimboni Zokulingisa Izingxenye Zamacala Ezifundo Zezimoto: Izimoto, Amabhayisikili, Izindiza, Izinsimbi Zomculo, I-Watercraft, Amadivayisi we-Optical, Izinzwa, Amamodeli, Amadivayisi we-elekthronikhi, Ukuvaleka, Amawashi, Imishini, Izinjini, Ifenisha, Ubucwebe, AmaJig, Telecom, Ukukhanyisa, Amadivayisi Wezokwelapha, amadivayisi wezithombe, Amarobhothi, okubaziwe, okokusebenza komsindo, okwezemidlalo, i-Tooling, Amathoyizi nokuningi. 

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By Umkhiqizi weMinghe Die Casting | Izigaba: Izindatshana Eziwusizo |Material Omaka: I-Aluminium Casting, Zinc Ukulingisa, Ukulingiswa kweMagnesium, I-Titanium Casting, Insimbi Engagqwali, Brass Ekubunjweni,Ukulingiswa kweBronze,Isakaza ividiyo,Umlando wenkampani,I-Aluminium Die Casting | Amazwana Off