Ubudlelwano Phakathi Kwensimbi Ekubunjweni Kwemifantu Kanye Nokufakwa Kwensimbi

Ukufakwa okukhiqizwe ngesikhathi senqubo yokuncibilikisa insimbi encibilikile kungenye yezimbangela ezibalulekile zokuqhekeka ekusakazweni kwensimbi. Ukuze kuncishiswe ukufakwa kwensimbi encibilikisiwe, ngesikhathi senqubo yokuncibilikisa, kuyadingeka ukuqinisa imisebenzi yokuncibilikisa efana ne-deoxidation, desulfurization, ukususwa kokungcola, kanye ne-degassing, bese uthatha izinyathelo ezidingekayo kuladle ngemuva kwesithando somlilo, njengokungeza imihlaba engajwayelekile, njll. Isimo se-inclusions singanciphisa ubukhona be-inclusions futhi siqede kangcono ukuqhekeka kokuphonswa kwensimbi.

Izinhlobo nezinhloso zokufakwa ngaphakathi kwensimbi

Ukufakwa kwensimbi ikakhulu kubhekisa kokungafaki insimbi ensimbi. Ngokuvamile kukholelwa ukuthi ukufakwa okungeyona okwensimbi ensimbi kuvame ukubakhona ngalezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo: ama-oxide: FeO, Fe2 O 3, M nO, Al2 O 3, SiO 2, M gO, njll. Ama-Sulfide: M nS, FeS, njll .; Ama-Silicates: FeSiO 4, M nSiO 4, FeO · Al2 O3 · SiO2, njll .; AmaNitrides: AlN, Si3 N 4 njalonjalo.

Ukufakwa okungeyona insimbi ensimbi kuvela ezicini ezimbili: Okokuqala, kwenziwa ngesikhathi senqubo yokuncibilikisa, okungukuthi, imikhiqizo ye-deoxidation ye-ferroalloys iyangezwa ngesikhathi sokushaya kanye nemikhiqizo ye-oxidation yesibili yensimbi encibilikisiwe nomoya ngesikhathi senqubo yokuphonsa, okuyizinto ebizwa ngama-inco native inclusions. Ukufakwa okunjalo ngokuvamile kuyizinhlayiya ezinhle futhi zisatshalaliswa ngokufanayo ensimbi; okwesibili, zilethwa zivela ngaphandle ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukene, ezibizwa ngokuthi ukufakwa kwamanye amazwe. Ukufakwa okunjalo kuvame ukungalingani ngesimo, ngobukhulu obukhulu futhi kusatshalaliswe ngokulingana, okuyimbangela yokuqhekeka. Isizathu esiyinhloko ukuthi iyingozi kakhulu ensimbi.

Ukufakwa okungapheli kwenziwa ikakhulukazi kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

• ProcessNgesikhathi senqubo yokuncibilikisa, imikhiqizo ye-deoxidation ayizange isuswe ngokuphelele, noma izinga lokushisa lehle ngesikhathi senqubo yokuthela, futhi imikhiqizo ye-deoxidation eyenziwe ukuphendula okuqhubekayo ayinasikhathi sokuntanta futhi ihlale ensimbi encibilikisiwe. Ezinye zazo zikhona esakhiweni se-matrix sensimbi njengezinhlayiya ezincane, kanti ezinye Bese zihlangana zibe yizinhlayiya ezinkulu ze-Al2O3), kanti ezinye zikhona ensimbi esimweni esiqinile sesixazululo (njenge-M nO, F eO);
• Ngenkathi yokuthinta nokuthela, insimbi encibilikisiwe ixhunyaniswa nomoya, nomoya-mpilo nensimbi Izinto eziphakathi ziyahlangana zenze ama-oxide wesibili futhi zihlale ensimbi encibilikisiwe; ngesikhathi sokuqina kwensimbi encibilikisiwe, iphuzu lokuncibilika okuphansi i-FeS, i-FeO, njll. ekugcineni kugcinwa emikhawulweni yokusanhlamvu naphakathi kwama-dendrites ngenxa ye- "crystallization ekhethiwe" yensimbi encibilikisiwe.

Ukufakwa kwamanye amazwe: Lolu hlobo lokufakwa lubandakanyeka kakhulu esihlabathini, e-slag nase-mold slag elethwe ngezinto zokusetshenziswa. Izinto zokwenqaba zohlelo lokuthela ziyahluzwa futhi zonakaliswe ngensimbi encibilikisiwe. Zigcinwe ngensimbi encibilikisiwe futhi ikakhulukazi zinhlayiya ezinkulu ezifakiwe. Izinto.

Ukufakwa okungekhona okwensimbi kuncibilikiswa ngensimbi encibilikisiwe emazingeni aphezulu okushisa, noma kutholakala kuphela ngensimbi encibilikisiwe, kepha njengoba izinga lokushisa lehla nokwakheka, ingcindezi yegesi nezinye izimo zishintsha, ukufakwa kwasekuqaleni okuncibilika ngensimbi encibilikisiwe kuzoba Izigaba ezizimele ziyahlukaniswa futhi bahlangana emikhawulweni yokusanhlamvu ngesikhathi senqubo ye-crystallization, futhi baba amayunithi amancane asika ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-matrix yensimbi futhi akha umthombo wokuqala wokuqhekeka, ngaleyo ndlela kwakheka ukuqhekeka okungaba khona.

2 Ubudlelwano phakathi kokufakwa okuyinhloko nokuqhekeka kwensimbi okwenziwe nezinyathelo zokunciphisa

Phakathi kokufakwa okungekhona okwensimbi, imbangela enkulu yokuqhekeka ekusakazweni kwensimbi yi-sulfide inclusions, futhi imvamisa ihlangana nezinye izinto ukukhulisa ukuthambekela kokuphonswa kwensimbi ukuqhekeka. Ensimbi yensimbi, ukufakwa kwe-sulfide kwehlukaniswe izigaba ezintathu:

• Thayipha sp-eyindilinga;
• Thayipha ifilimu le-Ⅱ-point chain intercrystalline;
• Thayipha i-engeli ebukhali ehlukaniswe ngezikhathi ezithile.
• Phakathi kwazo, uhlobo lwe-II inclusions luyingozi kakhulu ensimbi, lulandelwa uhlobo III, bese uthayipha I omncane.

Ukufakwa kwe-sulfide kuhlobene nezinga lokususwa kwensimbi kanye nenani le-aluminium eyinsalela ensimbi. Lapho inani lesisombululo esiqinile se-aluminium liphansi futhi izinsalela ze-oxygen zincane, kungatholwa okufakiwe kohlobo lwe-I.

I-deoxidizer inethonya elikhulu ekwakhiweni kokufakwa kanye nokusebenza kwensimbi. Umphumela we-deoxidizing we-deoxidizer oyinhlanganisela ungcono kune-deoxidizer eyodwa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukufakwa okwenziwe i-deoxidizer eyinhlanganisela kukhulu, okulula ukuntanta nokususa. Uma insimbi encibilikisiwe ikhishwe ngokwanele ngokwanele, ukukhubazeka kwepore kungenzeka kwenzeke futhi imifantu kungenzeka yenzeke ekusakazweni kwensimbi. Kodwa-ke, inani le-aluminium elisetshenziselwe ukukhishwa kokugcina kwe-deoxidation lanele nje ukukhipha i-deoxidation futhi akukho okusele. Okuqukethwe kwesixazululo esiqinile se-aluminium kuphansi, kanti ne-oxygen eyinsalela incane, ezokhiqiza ukufakwa kohlobo II. Ngokuvamile, uma kusetshenziselwa i-aluminium ngokweqile ukususwa kwe-deoxidation, ukutholakala kohlobo lwe-III kuzotholakala. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi uma kusetshenziswa i-aluminium eyeqile, kuzokwakhiwa ama-nitride inclusions amaningi futhi anciphise imingcele yokusanhlamvu, okuholele ekuqhekekeni okufana "nedwala" nokuwohloka kokusebenza kwensimbi. Ngakho-ke, akunangqondo ukusebenzisa i-aluminium eyeqile ukukhipha i-deoxidation. Inani le-aluminium elengezwe ngesikhathi sokwenza insimbi kanye nenani le-aluminium eyinsalela ensimbi ngeke yehle kakhulu noma ibe phezulu kakhulu.

I-deoxidation ne-aluminium iyindlela esetshenziswa kabanzi yensimbi deoxidation. Izinhlobo ezimbili zezinqubo ze-deoxidation zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwezimboni, enye inqubo ye-aluminium deoxidation, kanti enye ilawulwa inqubo ye-aluminium deoxidation. Okwokuqala ukusebenzisa i-aluminium ukususa ngokuphelele oksijini oncibilikisiwe ensimbi, bese kususwa ukufakwa kwe-Al2O3 ngangokunokwenzeka ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokunyakazisa; eyokugcina ukusebenzisa kuphela i-silicomanganese ye-deoxation ekhuluphele, futhi ulawule ngokuqinile i-aluminium ne-aluminium ensimbi. Okuqukethwe kwe-calcium ukuze kulawulwe ukwakheka, imvelo kanye ne-morphology ye-oxide inclusions efakwe ensimbi. Izinga eliyinhloko lokususwa kwe-deoxidation langaphambili likhulu kune-90, futhi umkhiqizo we-deoxidation ikakhulukazi i-Al2O3; inani lemikhiqizo ye-deoxidation equnjwe yi-deoxidation yokugcina incishisiwe kakhulu, futhi umkhiqizo oyinhloko we-deoxidation ikakhulukazi yi-SiO2.

Ukufakwa kwamanye amazwe kungasuswa ngokuya ngomthombo wabo ngokuthatha izinyathelo ezihambisanayo, kuyilapho ukufakwa okungapheli kudinga ukulawulwa ubuchwepheshe obusha benqubo yokwelashwa kwe-deoxidation nenqubo yokwelashwa kwe-calcium.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlanjululwa kwamakhandlela, ukushaya amabhamuza we-argon amaningi naphansi ensimbi encibilikisiwe kunenzuzo ekususweni kwemikhiqizo yokuqala ye-deoxidation.

Ukuze ususe kangcono ukufakwa kwensimbi nokunciphisa imifantu, umsebenzi wokuncibilikisa uthatha izinyathelo ezilandelayo.

• (1) Lungisa izinto zokusetshenziswa kahle ukuvimbela ukufakwa kwangaphandle.
• (2) Sebenzisa izinqubo zokwakha izinsimbi ezifanele: njengokusebenzisa izinqubo zokushaywa komoya-mpilo ezinengqondo kanye nezinqubo zokusatshalaliswa kwamandla, ukuqinisekisa isivinini esithile se-decarburization sokwenza ukufakwa kwentanta phezulu, nokugcina izimo zesithando esihle.
• (3) Sebenzisa i-deoxidizer eyinhlanganisela esikhundleni se-deoxidizer eyodwa.
• (4) Inhlabathi evamile iyanezelwa kuladle elingemva kwesithando somlilo ukuze iguqule ukwakheka kokufakwa futhi inciphise ukufakwa ukunciphisa ukuthambekela kokuphonswa kwensimbi ukuqhekeka nokwandisa uketshezi kwensimbi encibilikisiwe.
• (5) Ukuze kwenziwe lula ukususwa kokufakwa, ngaphezu kokuqinisekisa ukushisa okwanele kwensimbi encibilikisiwe, insimbi encibilikisiwe kufanele ibekwe kahle ekhishini ngemuva kokushaya.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zokwakha ezisezingeni eliphakeme ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlelo lokuthela luhlanzekile noma ukusetshenziswa kwezihlungi nakho kuyizinyathelo ezibalulekile zokunciphisa ukufakwa.

Ukwelashwa kokuguqulwa kokuhlanganiswa komhlaba okungavamile okususa ukufakwa kwensimbi nezindlela zokungeza

Ukungeza umhlaba ongajwayelekile kunomphumela omuhle ekususeni ukufakwa kwensimbi. Umhlaba ongajwayelekile usetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukulawula i-sulfide ngensimbi, futhi unganciphisa futhi udilize.

Esimweni sokuphonswa, ukufakwa kwe-M nS ensimbi kuyi-elliptical noma cishe kuyindilinga. Ukufakwa okukhulu kwe-elliptical kungukuhlanganiswa okuhlanganisiwe okwenziwe yi-M nO njengongqimba nolwelwesi lwangaphandle oluzungezwe yi-M nS noma i-M nSO. Ngemuva kokunezela umhlaba ongajwayelekile, ukusatshalaliswa nokwakhiwa kwama-as-cast incluso sekuguqukile, futhi ukufakwa kwe-MnS kuthathelwa indawo cishe yindilinga eyindilinga futhi kwasakazeka okungajwayelekile komhlaba. Ukuze wehlise umhlaba ongajwayelekile kahle, ama-oxide womhlaba angavamile kufanele axutshwe nezinto zokunciphisa ezinamandla (i-Ca-Si, Ca-B) bese efakwa ensimbini encibilikisiwe, ukuze idlale indima yokwelashwa okuguqukayo. Ngokulashwa okufanele kokuguqulwa, ukufakwa kwe-sulfide kungakha ukufakwa okuyindilinga okunephuzu lokuncibilika eliphakeme, ipulasitiki ephansi nezakhiwo ezizinzile ze-thermodynamic. Kungashiwo ukuthi umhlaba onqabile ne-calcium kungama-desulfurizer amahle nezinguquko ezinhle ze-sulfide inclusions. Ukusetshenziswa kokwelashwa okuhlanganisiwe kwe-RE-Ca kunganciphisa kangcono i-deoxidize, desulfurize, ukuhlanza, nokuwohloka, ukulawula ukwakheka nokusatshalaliswa kokufakwa okungekhona okwensimbi, futhi kuthuthukise izakhiwo eziphelele zensimbi yensimbi ephansi engxubevange.

Ukuze uqhubeke uhlole umphumela womhlaba ongajwayelekile kuzakhiwo zensimbi eyakhiwe, kwahlolwa ukusetshenziswa kwendlela yokuguqula ukwakheka komhlaba okungajwayelekile ku-ZG 35CrM o steel. Ibanga le-alloy yomhlaba elingavamile elisetshenzisiwe yi-YX 20, eliqukethe i-20.53 RE, 40.95 Si; Ukwakhiwa kwe-Si-Ca Kuqukethe i-26.45 Ca ne-57.07 Si.

Ukwelashwa okuyinhlanganisela isebenzisa indlela yokwengeza ku-ladle. Lapho umhlaba owivelakancane ungezwa, insimbi encibilikisiwe kufanele isuswe ngokuphelele emzimbeni ukuvimbela ukushisa lapho umhlaba ongajwayelekile wengezwa, nokuwuvimbela ukuthi ungaphenduli nge-ladle refractory. Imihlaba engajwayelekile kufanele ibhakwe kahle ngaphambi kokungezwa. Indlela ethize ukunquma inani le-RE ne-Si-Ca ngokuya ngenani lensimbi encibilikisiwe ku-ladle nokuthi iqukethe isibabule esingakanani, yephula i-RE ne-Si-Ca zibe izingcezu ezincane bese uzixuba ngokulinganayo, uzimboze ngamashidi wensimbi , bese ufaka ngokushesha i-aluminium ukukhipha okokugcina. Insimbi encibilikisiwe ngemuva kwe-slag ihlale inyakaziswa, futhi izinga lokushisa lokwelashwa ligcinwa ngaphakathi kobubanzi obungu-1 600 ～ 1 650 ℃, khona-ke i-slag iyasuswa, bese ishiywa imile imizuzu engu-1 kuya kwemibili yokuthululwa.

Ngokwamazinga ahlukene wokutakula, inani elifanele le-RE / S lomhlaba osalile kanye nesibabule sensimbi encibilikisiwe ilawulwa ukuthola umphumela omuhle wokuwohloka. Ucwaningo luye lwafakazela ukuthi lapho i-RE / S ≈3, M nS inclusions ingonakala ngokuphelele; lapho i-RE / S <3, ukuwohloka okuyingxenye kuphela okungafinyelelwa; lapho u-S -0.02 ensimbi, RE / S = 1.8 effect Umphumela wokuwohloka ungcono uma amahora we-2.5.

Indima yokwelashwa kokuguqulwa kokuhlanganiswa komhlaba okungajwayelekile ikakhulukazi ukuhlanza insimbi encibilikisiwe nokulawula ukwakheka kokufakwa, ukunciphisa ukufakwa, futhi ngasikhathi sinye kuqede isakhiwo seWidmanstatten, cwilisa okusanhlamvu kanye ne-microalloy. Okungukuthi, ngemuva kokungeza i-ejenti eyinhlanganisela yomhlaba engajwayelekile, ayikwazi ukukhipha i-deoxidize ne-desulfurize kuphela, kepha futhi lapho i-RE / S ≥3 ～ 6, i-MnS izoba yimiphetho eyindilinga, ngaleyo ndlela inciphise ukulimala kwesibabule futhi ivimbele noma inciphise ukuqhekeka okushisayo. Umhlaba ovamile usebenza ngempumelelo ekushintsheni ukufakwa kwensimbi encibilikisiwe. Ukuma kwento kunciphisa imifantu futhi umphumela uyabonakala.

Amagiya akhiqizwa ngensimbi i-ZG 35C rM o anezinga eliphakeme lezinto ezilahliwe ngaphambi kokwelashwa kokuguqulwa kwenkomponi, kepha ngemuva kokulungiswa kokuguqulwa kwenkomponi, isilinganiso sezinto ezilahliwe sehliswe ngaphezulu kuka-40%, othole imiphumela esobala futhi wathola izinzuzo ezinhle kwezomnotho.

Isiphetho se-4

• (1) Ukufakwa kwensimbi encibilikile kungenye yezimbangela eziyinhloko zokuqhekeka kwensimbi yensimbi. Ukufakwa okuhlukile kunezindlela ezihlukile zokukhiqiza imifantu.
• (2) Ukuze kuncishiswe ukufakwa okungekhona okwensimbi ensimbi encibilikisiwe futhi kuvimbele imifantu ekusakazweni kwensimbi, kuyadingeka ukwenza umsebenzi omuhle ezintweni zokulungiswa kwempahla eluhlaza, inqubo yokuncibilikisa, ukusebenza kwe-deoxidation, ukuma kwe-ladle, kanye nokwelashwa kokuguqulwa.
• (3) Ukusebenzisa umhlaba kanye ne-calcium modifiers ezihlanganisiwe zokuguqulwa okuhlanganisiwe kwensimbi encibilikisiwe kuyindlela ephumelelayo yokunciphisa ukufakwa okungekhona okwensimbi ensimbi encibilikisiwe, ukuguqula ukwakheka kwayo, nokunciphisa imifantu ekusakazweni kwensimbi.

Sicela ugcine umthombo nekheli lale ndatshana ukuze uphinde uprintwe: Ubudlelwano Phakathi Kwensimbi Ekubunjweni Kwemifantu Kanye Nokufakwa Kwensimbi

UMinghe Inkampani yeDie Casting anikezelwe ekukhiqizeni nasekuhlinzekeni ikhwalithi nokusebenza okuphezulu Izingxenye Zokulingisa (izingxenye zensimbi zensimbi zokufa zisebenza ikakhulukazi zibandakanya I-Thin-Wall Die Casting,I-Hot Chamber Die Casting,Cold Chamber die Casting), Insizakalo Eyindilinga (Insiza Yokulingisa,ICnc Machining,Ukwenza Okubandayo, Surface Treatment) .Noma ikuphi ukusakazwa kwe-Aluminium die, i-magnesium noma i-Zamak / zinc die casting nezinye izidingo zokuphosa zamukelekile ukuxhumana nathi.

Ngaphansi kokulawulwa kwe-ISO9001 ne-TS 16949, Zonke izinqubo zenziwa ngamakhulu emishini esezingeni eliphakeme yokufa, imishini ye-5-axis, nezinye izikhungo, ezisukela kuma-blasters kuya kumishini yokuwasha ye-Ultra Sonic.Minghe akagcinanga ngemishini esezingeni eliphezulu kepha futhi unobuchwepheshe iqembu lonjiniyela abanolwazi, ama-opharetha nabahloli ukwenza ukwakheka kwekhasimende kugcwaliseke.

Umenzi wenkontileka yokufa kwabasikiwe. Amandla afaka izingxenye ezibandayo ze-aluminium die casting ezivela ku-0.15 lbs. kuye ku-6 lbs., Ukusetha ushintsho olusheshayo, nemishini. Izinsizakalo ezingezwe ngenani zifaka phakathi ukupholisha, ukudlidliza, ukuphazamisa, ukuqhumisa ngokudubula, ukupenda, ukuhlobisa, ukumboza, ukuhlangana nokusetshenziswa kwamathuluzi. Izinto zokusebenza ezisetshenzisiwe zifaka ama-alloys afana no-360, 380, 383, no-413.

I-Zinc die casting design usizo / izinsizakalo zobunjiniyela ezihambisanayo. Umenzi wangokwezifiso we-precision zinc die castings. Ukusakazwa okuncane, ukukhishwa kwengcindezi ephezulu, ukusikeka kwesikhunta esiningi, ukujikijelwa kwesikhunta okuvamile, ukufefa kwamayunithi kanye nokuzimela okuzimele kanye nokuvalwa okuvaliwe komgodi kungenziwa. Ama-Castings angenziwa ngobude nobubanzi obufinyelela ku-24 in. Ku +/- 0.0005 in. Ukubekezelelana.  

I-ISO 9001: Umkhiqizi oqinisekisiwe ka-2015 we-die cast magnesium, Amandla afaka i-high-pressure magnesium die casting up to 200 ton chamber hot & 3000 ton cold chamber, designing designing, polishing, molding, machining, powder & liquid paint, QA full with CMM amakhono , inhlangano, ukupakisha nokulethwa.

Kuqinisekiswe i-ITAF16949. Insiza Eyengeziwe Yokulingisa Faka ukukhipha utshalomali,ukuphonsa kwesihlabathi,Ukuphonswa kwamandla, Lost Foam Ekubunjweni,I-Centrifugal Casting,Ukuphoswa Kokuqothula,Permanent Isikhunta Ukulingisa, Amakhono afaka i-EDI, usizo lobunjiniyela, ukumodeliswa okuqinile nokucutshungulwa kwesibili.

Izimboni Zokulingisa Izingxenye Zamacala Ezifundo Zezimoto: Izimoto, Amabhayisikili, Izindiza, Izinsimbi Zomculo, I-Watercraft, Amadivayisi we-Optical, Izinzwa, Amamodeli, Amadivayisi we-elekthronikhi, Ukuvaleka, Amawashi, Imishini, Izinjini, Ifenisha, Ubucwebe, AmaJig, Telecom, Ukukhanyisa, Amadivayisi Wezokwelapha, amadivayisi wezithombe, Amarobhothi, okubaziwe, okokusebenza komsindo, okwezemidlalo, i-Tooling, Amathoyizi nokuningi. 

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By Umkhiqizi weMinghe Die Casting | Izigaba: Izindatshana Eziwusizo |Material Omaka: I-Aluminium Casting, Zinc Ukulingisa, Ukulingiswa kweMagnesium, I-Titanium Casting, Insimbi Engagqwali, Brass Ekubunjweni,Ukulingiswa kweBronze,Isakaza ividiyo,Umlando wenkampani,I-Aluminium Die Casting | Amazwana Off